WiFi-based crowdsensing is a major source of data in a variety of domains such as human-mobility, pollution-level estimation, and, opportunistic networks. MAC randomisation is a backbone for preserving user-privacy in WiFi, as devices change their identifiers (MAC addresses).

With growing privacy concerns over the last decade, two of the most notable wireless technologies – i.e., BLE and WiFi – are being more and more investigated in terms of privacy vulnerabilities.

NemFi is a record-and-replay emulator that captures traces representing real WiFi conditions, and later replay these traces to reproduce the same conditions.